藏袍的第一缕经纬牵系着雪域苍茫织就千年，这份凝结着藏族先民智慧与风骨的裁艺，便以“宽襟阔袖、束腰垂氅”的形制，铺展了高原圣域里的“衣袂史诗”。它是中华服饰中最懂以布传情的“立体图腾”，既将氆氇之厚藏于盛典的庄重、日常的舒朗，也以“彩边镶襟、纹样蕴意”的精湛工艺，揉着雪山的雄峻与经幡的飘逸，藏着高原生存的坚韧与天地共生的哲思。
今天，就让我们一同踏入藏袍的锦绣天地，品味这份浸在针丝交错里的文化基因吧！本期让我们跟随英语2402班陈茉卉同学的脚步，穿梭于飘着酥油醇香的藏寨与漾着经筒梵音的雪域草场，感受这份独属于藏袍的雄浑与温情。
大家好，我是来自英语2402班的陈茉卉。我的爱好是看综艺、追星。
Tibet
Tibet, with a vast territory, is known for its diverse geographical and climatic conditions. Therefore, ethnic clothing of distinctive styles have been developed in order to adapt to the different natural environment for Tibetans dwelling in different areas within and around the region.
Tibetan traditional clothing have diverse styles, but all feature a loose robe and long sleeves. While urban residents in Tibet prefer using high-quality wool for robes, those living in rural areas prefer Pulu (Tibetan wool), and herdsmen in pasturing areas always choose fur.
Men's clothing looks vigorous and masculine, while women's is elegant, natural, and unrestrained. The basic Tibetan outfit is a loose, long robe with long sleeves, with matching high boots. Such a style is largely determined by the unique ecological environment, as well as the local mode of living and production.
Local residents are able to sleep with the robes on to resist the cold weather, while still feeling comfortable and at ease. The broad sleeve allows an arm to withdraw from it with one shoulder exposed during the daytime when the temperature raises high. Women wear long-sleeved robes in the winter and sleeveless robes in the summer, covering shirts of myriad colors and decorative patterns. Married women adorn themselves with a bangdian (Tibetan-style woolen apron featuring colorful strips) tied in front of their waists.
Tibetan hats also cover a variety of styles and materials. Currently there is roughly 20 varieties, including the four-lobed golden-thread hat and the Pulu hat.
Tibetan boots are indispensable to the Tibetan outfit, and are of different types and names, primarily categorized into cow leather boots, corduroy boots, as well as woolen and cotton padded Pulu boots. The boots differ in texture and the length of boot leg, but not in gender.
Tibetans pay particular attention to accessories, which vary on hair, ear, chest, waist, and hands.
Tibetan women are especially fond of red coral, yellow beeswax, turquoise, and silver jewelry, forming a typical dressing style for highland women. Among these, the decorative waist pendant is the most distinctive. The pendants are attached to the waist belt, hanging naturally on both sides of the body, showcasing an auspicious and luxurious fashion.
The hada scarf is the most important adornment in Tibetan traditional clothing, and also the most common ceremonial article in Tibet. Its main function is to express blessings, respect, friendship, and sincerity by the presenter. Tibetans have attached great importance to it and regard it as the most precious gift. A Tibetan hada scarf is usually white, symbolizing the candid, sincere, and pure heart. It is usually made of silk, measuring 20 to 30 centimeters wide and one to two meters long. The hada scarf symbolizes purity and compassion, and is worn or presented at many ceremonial occasions, including jubilant events such as births, weddings, graduations, meeting with elders, and the arrival or departure of guests.
In addition, there are distinctive multi-colored hada scarves in Tibet, including the combination of blue, white, yellow, green, or red, symbolizing the blue sky, white clouds, rivers, gods, and the earth respectively.
Now, lots of Tibetan families would also choose modern clothes such as suits and jackets in their daily life, reflecting their new dressing style. However, many people still put on traditional clothing in their traditional ethnic festivals.
本文摘录自China Daily 2019-03-21
藏袍
西藏地域辽阔，地理与气候条件多样，因此生活在区内及周边不同区域的藏族群众，为适应各异的自然环境，形成了风格独具的民族服饰。
藏族传统服饰样式繁多，却均以宽袍长袖为核心特征。西藏的城镇居民偏爱以优质羊毛制作藏袍，农村居民则常选用氆氇，牧区的牧民则多以皮毛为料。
男性服饰尽显刚健豪迈，女性服饰则雅致自然、洒脱灵动。藏族服饰的基础样式为宽袖长袍，搭配高筒藏靴，这一形制很大程度上由当地独特的生态环境，以及生产生活方式所决定。
藏民身着藏袍即可入眠御寒，且穿着舒适自在；日间气温升高时，可将一臂从袖中抽出，袒露单肩散热。藏族女性冬季穿长袖藏袍，夏季则着无袖藏袍，内搭色彩斑斓、纹样精美的衬衫；已婚女性会在腰前系上邦典，即藏族特色的彩条毛织围裙。
藏族的帽子也形制各异、用料多样，目前约有二十余种，其中包括四瓣金花帽、氆氇帽等。
藏靴是藏族服饰中不可或缺的单品，种类繁多、各有其名，主要分为牛皮靴、灯芯绒靴，以及氆氇材质的棉靴。藏靴仅在质地、靴筒长短上有区别，并无男女之分。
藏族人尤为注重配饰，发饰、耳饰、胸饰、腰饰、手饰各有特色。
藏族女性格外喜爱红珊瑚、黄蜜蜡、绿松石与银饰，这也构成了高原女性独有的装扮风格，其中又以腰佩最为别致。各式佩饰系于腰带之上，自然垂于身体两侧，尽显吉祥华贵。
哈达是藏族传统服饰中最重要的饰物，也是西藏最常见的礼器，赠予者通过哈达传递祝福、敬意、情谊与诚心。藏族人对哈达极为珍视，将其视作最珍贵的礼物。藏族的哈达多为白色，象征着纯净真挚的内心，一般以丝绸制成，宽二十至三十厘米，长一至两米。哈达寓意纯洁与慈悲，在诞生、婚嫁、升学、拜见长辈、迎送宾客等各类喜庆礼俗场合，人们都会佩戴或敬献哈达。
此外，西藏还有色彩丰富的彩哈达，多由蓝、白、黄、绿、红五色构成，分别象征着蓝天、白云、江河、神灵与大地。
如今，许多藏族家庭的日常生活中也会选择西装、夹克等现代服饰，形成了新的着装风格；但在民族传统节日里，人们依旧会身着传统服饰。
Diverse 多种多样的
Distinctive 独特的
Elegant 优雅的
Indispensable 不可或缺的
Symbolize 象征
Ceremonial 仪式的
Luxurious 奢华的
Precious 珍贵的
Adorn 装饰
Question 1：Why do Tibetans in different areas of Tibet wear different kinds of ethnic clothing?
A.Because they have different aesthetic tastes in clothing
B.Because they need to adapt to the diverse geographical and climatic conditions
C.Because different materials are only produced in specific areas
D.Because urban and rural residents have different economic levels
Answer：B
解析：答案对应原文第一段。该段指出“Tibet, with a vast territory, is known for its diverse geographical and climatic conditions. Therefore, ethnic clothing of distinctive styles have been developed in order to adapt to the different natural environment”，说明西藏不同地区的藏族穿着不同民族服饰的核心原因是要适应当地多样的地理和气候条件。A 选项 “审美品味不同”、C 选项 “不同材质仅产于特定地区”、D 选项 “城乡居民经济水平不同” 均非原文提及的原因，故排除。
Question 2：What is the common feature of all Tibetan traditional clothing?
A.Being made of high-quality wool and fur
B.Having colorful bangdian and precious jewelry
C.Featuring a loose robe and long sleeves
D.Matching with four-lobed golden-thread hats
Answer：C
解析：答案对应原文第二段。该段明确指出“Tibetan traditional clothing have diverse styles, but all feature a loose robe and long sleeves”，说明宽松的长袍和长袖是所有藏族传统服饰的共同特征。A 选项 “由高品质羊毛和皮毛制成” 仅为不同地区的材质选择，并非共同特征；B 选项 “配有彩色邦典和珍贵饰品” 仅为已婚女性的装扮特点；D 选项 “搭配四瓣金线帽” 只是藏帽的一种，并非所有服饰的标配，故排除。
Question 3：What is the main color of a traditional Tibetan hada scarf?
A.Red
B.White
C.Blue
D.Green
Answer：B
解析：答案对应原文第八段。该段指出 “A Tibetan hada scarf is usually white, symbolizing the candid, sincere, and pure heart”，说明传统藏族哈达的主色为白色。A 选项红色、C 选项蓝色、D 选项绿色均为彩色哈达的配色，并非传统哈达的主色，故排除。
